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''The Beginnings of Western Science'', subtitled ''The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, 600 B.C. to A.D. 1450'' (1992 edition)〔(''The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, 600 B.C. to A.D. 1450'' by David C. Lindberg, ) ''Google Books''. Retrieved 4 October 2015.〕 or ''The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, Prehistory to A.D. 1450'' (2007 edition),〔(''The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, Prehistory to A.D. 1450'' by David C. Lindberg, ) ''Google Books''. Retrieved 4 October 2015.〕 is an introductory〔A. Bowdoin Van Riper, ("READING THE HISTORY OF WESTERN SCIENCE" under "Classical science (to 1500 AD)" ), ''History of Science Society''. Retrieved 4 October 2015.〕 book on the history of science by David C. Lindberg. The book focuses on what is called Western science, prominently covering Greek, Roman, Islamic and Mediaeval European science, while the 2007 second edition expands on precursors to Greek science, such as Mesopotamian and Egyptian science, and on Islamic science.〔("''The Beginnings of Western Science'' by David C. Lindberg" ), ''University of Chicago Press'' (Publisher's page). Retrieved 4 October 2015.〕 "Western science" is defined as scientific enquiry done in Greek, Latin or Arabic according to reviewer William A. Wallace.〔William A. Wallace, "David C. Lindberg, The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, 600 B.C. to A.D. 1450.", ''Speculum'', Vol. 69, No. 4 (October 1994), 1211.〕 ''The Beginnings of Western Science'' focuses on the theoretical dimension of classical and mediaeval science, giving less attention to technology and scientific craft.〔David C. Lindberg, ''The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, 600 B.C. to A.D. 1450'', 2007 edition, 3.〕〔Angela Smith, ("An Origin Story" ), ''H-Net'', May 2009. Retrieved 4 October 2015.〕 Lindberg defends a moderate view on the continuity thesis, accepting continuity between early modern science and mediaeval antecedents but also identifying a scientific revolution in the cosmology and metaphysics behind science.〔David C. Lindberg, ''The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, 600 B.C. to A.D. 1450'', 2007 edition, 359, 364-367.〕 Vivian Nutton states that Lindberg emphasizes discontinuities over continuities between mediaeval and renaissance science.〔Vivian Nutton, "David C. Lindberg: The Beginnings of Western Science. The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, 600 B.C. to A.D. 1450.", ''The British Journal for the History of Science'', Vol. 26, No. 1 (March 1993), 81.〕 The book has found wide acclaim and is considered a good general introduction to the history of science in the West before the Renaissance. == Contents == The expanded edition begins with debates over definitions of science. Next, possible precursors to science are treated in the forms of knowledge prehistoric societies and theories about the notions of truth that would apply in such cultures. The section about Egyptian and Babylonian science starts with the differences in their types of arithmetic. Lindberg states that the Babylonian notation is superior because of its greater parsimony. Babylonian astrology, with the important development of horoscopic astrology, is mentioned as a major contribution of Babylonian civilization. Egyptian and Babylonian medicine are described as systemizations of diagnoses, which often included non-naturalistic formulations.〔David C. Lindberg, ''The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, 600 B.C. to A.D. 1450'', 2007 edition, 1-20.〕 Greek science first covers the philosophies of the pre-Socratics, Plato and Aristotle, after which the narrative continues with the Hellenistic philosophical schools, the Academy, the Lyceum, the Epicureans and the Stoics. Major figures in mathematics are Euclid and Archimedes, and Eudoxus and Claudius Ptolemy (discussed as part of Hellenistic astronomy) in astronomy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Beginnings of Western Science」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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